I have seen a cobalt with 22's on it, The owner stated he had no problems with them. He did note that he did not just walk in and buy what was on display and use adapters,he chose the one he liked and ordered them to fit directly onto his bolt pattern. That meant no modifications or changes.
as long as you keep the outside diameter the same you should be alright, but if you get a wheel that has a offset to it you might have problems with it making contact with the body or subframe, and the main thing it will put a bind on wheel bearings if the offset is different. but if it is the same offset youll be fine.